Alcoholism is a major public health problem, affecting millions of people around the world. In France, around 1.5 million people suffer fromaddiction To alcohol, with serious consequences on physical and mental health. In this fight against alcoholism, CBD (cannabidiol) emerges as an ally potential. But how can CBD help in alcoholic withdrawal?
Understand the role of CBD
The CBD, a non -psychoactive compound extracted from hemp, is known for its many health benefits. Unlike THC, it does not cause "hovering" effect, which makes it sure for daily use. Studies suggest that CBD could help alleviate withdrawal symptoms and reduce the desire to consume alcohol.
CBD action mechanisms
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a complex molecule that interacts with multiple biological systems. Its exact action mechanism is still under study, but research has identified several potential ways.
Interaction with the endocannabinoid system:
-
CB1 and CB2 receivers: Although CBD has a lower affinity for these receptors than THC, it can modulate their activity by interacting with other molecules of the endocannabinoid system.
-
5-HT1A type receptors: CBD can also be linked to these serotonin receptors, which could explain its anxiolytic and antidepressant effects.
-
Vanilloid receivers: These receptors are involved in the perception of pain and temperature. CBD could act on them to reduce pain and inflammation.
Modulation of neurotransmission:
-
Dopaminergic system: CBD could influence the release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter involved in the reward system, which could explain its potential in the treatment of addictions.
-
Serotonergic system: As mentioned above, the interaction of the CBD with 5-HT1A receivers could help regulate mood and anxiety.
-
Gabaergic system: GABA is a neurotransmitter inhibitory. The CBD could modulate its activity, which could explain its anxiolytic and anticonvulsant effects.
-
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties: CBD has anti-inflammatory properties that may be beneficial in the treatment of various diseases, including certain neurodegenerative diseases.
- He also has Antioxidant properties, which could help protect cells from damage caused by free radicals.
Other potential mechanisms:
-
Interaction with ion channels: CBD could influence the activity of certain ion channels, which could have effects on neural excitability.
-
Epigenetic effects: CBD could modulate the expression of genes, which could have long -term consequences on brain function.
CBD benefits for alcoholic withdrawal
CBD action mechanisms on alcoholism are increasingly studied, although most research is still at a preclinical stage. Here is an overview of the potential mechanisms identified by recent studies:
-
Neuroprotection : CBD has shown neuroprotective effects in animal models, by reducing brain damage caused by alcohol. He notably protects the hippocampus from the harmful effects of alcohol, which could be beneficial for cognitive functions and memory.
-
Reduction of consumption and motivation to drink : Studies on animal models have shown that CBD can reduce the consumption of alcohol and motivation to drink. For example, in mice, CBD administration has reduced ethanol consumption and alcohol search behaviors.
-
Attenuation of relapses : CBD also seems to reduce alcohol related relapses. Research has shown that CBD can alleviate the return to alcohol consumption induced by stress or context, and this effect may last several months after stopping treatment.
-
Modulation of dopaminergic and opioid tracks : CBD influences the genetic expression of certain receptors involved in dependence, such as dopaminergic and opioid receptors. This can help reduce alcohol attraction and impulsive behavior associated with dependence.
-
Liver protection : CBD could also protect the liver from alcohol damage, in particular by reducing hepatic steatosis and modulating inflammatory and oxidative responses
Recent clinical studies on the use of CBD for alcoholic withdrawal
This 2021 study explore the potential therapeutic of cannabidiol (CBD) in the treatment disorders related to the use of substances (TLS). The authors review existing studies and discuss the potential CBD action mechanisms which could explain its beneficial effects.
Key points covered in the study:
-
CBD and endocannabinoid system: The article recalls the crucial role of the endocannabinoid system in the regulation of various physiological functions, including pain, mood and appetite. The CBD interacts with this system and could thus have modular effects on these functions.
-
The effects of CBD on TLS: The authors review the preclinical and clinical studies that have evaluated the effect of CBD on different types of TLS, such as alcohol, opioid and stimulants. The results suggest that CBD could reduce withdrawal symptoms, mitigate craving and modulate emotional responses associated with the consumption of substances.
-
Potential action mechanisms: The study explores the different mechanisms by which the CBD could have its therapeutic effects. Among them, we find:
- Interaction with CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors
- Modulation of neurotransmitter systems such as dopamine and serotonin
- CBD anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties
The limits of existing studies and future prospects:
The authors highlight the limits of current studies, in particular the variability of the doses of CBD used, heterogeneous methodology and the lack of long -term studies. They also underline the need to conduct rigorous clinical trials to confirm the beneficial effects of the CBD and determine the optimal doses.
Sources:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6910215/
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.626010/full
